Wicca is a modern pagan, witchcraft religion

Wicca is a diverse religion with no central authority or figure defining it.

Wicca often involves the ritual practice of magic, though it is not always necessary

Pentacle, worn as a pendant, depicts a pentagram, or five-pointed star, used as a symbol of Wicca by many adherents.

Beliefs in Wicca range from hard polytheism to even monotheism.

Wicca is typically duotheistic, worshipping a god and goddess traditionally viewed as a mother goddess and horned god.

The term Wicca first achieved widespread acceptance when referring to the religion in the 1960s and 70s

Application of the word Wicca has given rise to "a great deal of disagreement and infighting".

The Goddess and the God may be regarded as the Divine Feminine and the Divine Masculine

The God and Goddess are generally seen as lovers and equals, the Divine Couple who together co-create the cosmos.

Traditionally the God is viewed as a Horned God, associated with nature, wilderness, sexuality, hunting and the life cycle

The Horned God is given various names according to the tradition, and these include Cernunnos, Pan, Atho and Karnayna.

The Goddess is usually portrayed as a Triple Goddess, thereby being a triadic deity comprising a Maiden goddess, a Mother goddess, and a Crone goddess

Some Wiccans, particularly from the 1970s onwards, have viewed the Goddess as the more important of the two deities, who is pre-eminent in that she contains and conceives all. In this respect, the God is viewed as the spark of life and inspiration within her, simultaneously her lover and her child.

Showing posts with label african people. Show all posts
Showing posts with label african people. Show all posts

Saturday, May 17, 2014

More On Hypatia And Christians And Atheists And Ptolemaic Science

More On Hypatia And Christians And Atheists And Ptolemaic Science
A lot of the stuff on Hypatia out there on teh interwebs is (surprise!) misinformed, misleading or just out and out disinformation. A lot of this is due to Christians desperately trying to rewrite history. Also, the portrayal of Hypatia in the film Agora, while sympathetic after a fashion, is more fiction than fact -- and that is largely due to the fact that Alejandro Amen'abar's atheism is nearly as hostile to Hypatia's Paganism as Christianity is.

Anyway, here are a few links that won't steer you too far wrong:

* YPATIA OF ALEXANDRIA (a mathematician's appreciation of Hypatia)
* HYPATIA OF ALEXANDRIA: MATHEMATICIAN, ASTRONOMER, AND PHILOSOPHER (from the Alexandria Journal folks)
* HYPATIA, ANCIENT ALEXANDRIA'S GREAT FEMALE SCHOLAR (Smithsonian Magazine)
* HYPAT'iA OF ALEXANDRIA: PAGAN PHILOSOPHER, SCIENTIST, MATHEMATICIAN, AND CIVIC LEADER (Max Dashu)
* SYNESIUS OF CYRENE (includes extensive collection of Synesius' writings)
* "HYPATIA OF ALEXANDRIA: MATHEMATICIAN, ASTRONOMER, AND PHILOSOPHER" an article by Nancy Nietupski published in Number 2 of the Alexandria Journal, starting on page 57.
* HYPATIA: THE MARTYR OF PAGANS AND THE FEMINIST MOVEMENT (a somewhat idiosyncratic site hosted at polyamory.org)

One of the worst thing about the film "AGORA" is the way in which the scientific achievements of ancient Pagandom are inexcusably distorted to fit Amenabar's atheist agenda. Anyone interested in actually understanding the tremendous accomplishments and intellectual sophistication of ancient Pagan science should check out Andrew Barker's study "SCIENTIFIC METHOD IN PTOLEMY'S HARMONICS". In that work, and as the title implies, Barker argues that in his "Harmonics", Ptolemy "announces and seeks to justify at the outset a sophisticated set of procedural principles which scientists in this field, so it argues, must follow if they are to produce defensible results." [p. 1] Barker goes on to say that:"The complex combination of rationalism and empiricism which Ptolemy professes to adopt insists, among other things, on a crucial role for experimental tests of provisional theory-based results. Here, as we shall see, the word 'experimental' is to be construed in a strict sense that will seem surprisingly modern. I hope to show beyond a reasonable doubt that Ptolemy understood very well what conditions must be met if experimental tests are to be fully rigorous, and that he had a clear and persuasive conception of the roles they should be assigned in a well conducted scientific project."

[p. 2]In other words far from being simply an authority figure whose views were accepted uncritically, Ptolemy was an outspoken proponent for open ended scientific research in the full modern sense. This is precisely the opposite of the view of Ptolemaic science that is presented in "Agora".

[This is a follow up to the post: Hypatia (Honoring Our Pagan Ancestors, Part Two).]